2019迪拜迎春拍賣會

2019 Dubai Spring Auction

康熙通宝，清代钱币。铸于清圣祖康熙年间（1662~1722年）钱面文字“康熙通宝”以楷书书写，从上而下而右而左直读。康熙通宝有小平及当十大钱。钱文真书体，直读。除宝源、宝泉二局以满文纪局外，各省均以满汉字纪局名，穿左铸满文，穿右铸汉文。各省铸钱均为小平。折十大钱为宝源局所铸，面文离郭隔轮，背满文宝源列穿左右。币材多呈青白色，即用铜锡合金，通称大白钱;也有红铜及黄铜的省局铸钱。Kangxi Tongbao, Qing Dynasty coins. Casted in the Qing Emperor Kangxi years (1662 ~ 1722), the face of the word "Kangxi Tongbao" written in the script, read from top to bottom and right and left. Kangxi Tongbao has Xiaoping and is the top ten. Qian Wenzhen's book, direct reading. In addition to the Baoyuan and Baoquan Second Bureaus, the provinces are all in the name of the Manchu-Chinese Character Bureau. They wear the left-handed Manchu and wear the right-handed Chinese. The provinces are all casting money. The top ten money was cast by the Baoyuan Bureau, and the face was separated from the Guo, and the back was filled with Wenbaoyuan. Most of the coins are blue-white, that is, copper-tin alloy, which is commonly known as big white money; there are also provincial bureaus that make red copper and brass cast money.

首先在货币外流方面。清朝的货币在对外方面大体有两种情况：一种是我国同国外在政治、经济、文化上的正常交流，而使一部分钱币很正常地流出到国外；另一种是由于外国的经济侵略和掠夺而造成的钱币流出国外，这是一种不正常的情况。First of all, in terms of currency outflows. There are two general situations in the Qing Dynasty: one is the normal political, economic, and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, so that some of the coins flow out of the country normally; the other is due to foreign economic aggression and It is an abnormal situation that the money caused by the plundering has flowed out of the country.

在正常交流方面通过陆路与邻国的经济往来，而使货币流出国外；一是西北边货币流出到伊朗和阿富汗。撒马尔汗和 布哈拉是清朝与中亚各国贸易的中心。二是西南边，货币流出到克什米尔、 不丹、孟加拉、 尼泊尔等国。这些国家出产的披巾、棉花、皮革、烟草、染料、珍珠、珊瑚、剪刀、眼镜，换走了中国的一批又一批钱币。三是南边，货币流出到越南、暹罗、缅甸，这些国家的棉花、食盐、羽毛、黑漆、铜砂、象牙、兽角，也换走了中国一批又一批钱币。四是东北边，货币流出到朝鲜，两国之间一向“往来相善”，“或东或西，听民所往”，清朝的钱币也随着商人流出国外。再就是通过海上贸易，货币流出到日本、朝鲜、 琉球。公元1684年至1688年，清圣祖康熙年间，中国赴日商船迅速上升到194艘；清政府规定“内地商民船至朝鲜者，除原禁货物外，听其发卖回籍”；琉球到中国的船只，最多到过5艘，运送来的多为海产。在南边，货币流出到印度、缅甸。从中国港口出发的大商船队，每年都到达印度西海岸的古里，和缅甸南部的丹那沙林沿岸，货币流出到马来半岛；从马来半岛，北走可以到达暹罗、越南，南走可以到达苏门答腊、爪哇，东走可以到达 婆罗洲、菲律宾群岛，中国帆船开往新加坡的，最多一年达到250只，“中国帆船来临的季节，新加坡的市场便大大活跃起来”。除此之外，清朝货币还流出到其他亚洲各国。In normal exchanges, the economy flows out of the country by land, and the money flows out of the country; the first is the outflow of money from the northwest to Iran and Afghanistan. Samar Khan and Bukhara are the centres of trade between the Qing and Central Asian countries. The second is the southwestern side, where money flows out to countries such as Kashmir, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. The shawls, cotton, leather, tobacco, dyes, pearls, corals, scissors, and glasses produced in these countries have replaced a batch of Chinese coins. Third, in the south, the money flowed out to Vietnam, Siam, and Myanmar. The cotton, salt, feathers, black lacquer, copper sand, ivory, and horns of these countries also replaced a batch of Chinese coins. Fourth, the northeast side, the currency flows out to North Korea, the two countries have always been "communicating with each other", "or east or west, listening to the people", the Qing Dynasty's coins also flowed abroad with merchants. Then through maritime trade, money flows out to Japan, North Korea, and Ryukyu. From 1684 to 1688, during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing dynasty, Chinese merchant ships to Japan quickly rose to 194 ships; the Qing government stipulated that "the mainland merchants and ships to the North Koreans, in addition to the original banned goods, listen to their sale and return to the country"; There are at most five ships in China, and most of them are shipped from the sea. In the south, money flows out to India and Myanmar. The big merchant fleet from the Chinese port reaches Guri on the west coast of India and the Danah Saline along the south of Myanmar. Money flows out to the Malay Peninsula. From the Malay Peninsula, you can reach Siam, Vietnam and South. You can reach Sumatra, Java, East to reach Borneo, the Philippine Islands, and Chinese sailboats to Singapore, up to 250 in a year. "In the season of Chinese sailing, the market in Singapore is very active." In addition, the Qing Dynasty currency also flows out to other Asian countries.

康熙于公元1772年去世， 清世宗雍正即位。雍正帝即位后，仍以杜绝私铸，平抑物价入手，防止白银外流，实行铜钱紧缩政策。于雍正元年铸行“ 雍正通宝”，沿康熙四十一年制，钱重一钱四分，力求精美标准，大小分二类，大钱与“康熙通宝”大钱相仿，小钱直径2.4厘米，当时全国共有二十多个钱局，都是康熙时局，雍正规定一省只设一个钱局，于四年时，改山西局为宝晋局，山东局为宝济局，台湾省局为宝台局等等。九年时又在江南增设了江宁宝安局，在西南分别设立了四川宝川局，贵州宝黔局，湖北宝武局等，又停撤了临、清、宣府、蓟、同、等局，一省一局的政策最终得以实现，私铸情况也有减少，后来西北战事扩大，西南边铸也发生叛乱，战事频起，雍正十一年时，再次实行铜钱减重，变为每文一钱二分，后清朝百余年制钱重量要求没有变化。顺治通宝钱背文格式，一律按照前朝宝泉、宝源泉钱式，背文穿左为满文“宝”字，穿右为满文钱局名，其中“川、桂、陕、福、台”等，极少见到。由于雍正帝 钱法严谨，私铸较少，所以雍正通宝制钱上都边阔字正，形态工整。Kangxi died in 1772, and the Qing dynasty was in the throne. After Emperor Yongzheng took the throne, he still stopped the private casting, calmed down the price, prevented the outflow of silver, and implemented the policy of tightening the copper money. In the first year of Emperor Yongzheng's "Yu Zheng Tong Bao", along the Kangxi 41-year system, the money is a four-point money, and strives for exquisite standards. The size is divided into two categories. The big money is similar to the "Kangxi Tongbao" big money. The small money is 2.4 cm in diameter. There are more than 20 money bureaus in the country, all of which are Kangxi bureaus. Yongzheng stipulates that there is only one money bureau in one province. In four years, the Shanxi Bureau is the Baojin Bureau, the Shandong Bureau is the Baoji Bureau, and the Taiwan Provincial Bureau is the treasure. Taiwan Bureau and so on. In the past nine years, Jiangning Bao'an Bureau was added in Jiangnan, and Sichuan Baochuan Bureau, Guizhou Baoyu Bureau, Hubei Baowu Bureau, etc. were set up in the southwest, and Lin, Qing, Xuanfu, Yi, Tong, and other bureaus were suspended. The policy of one province and one bureau was finally realized, and the situation of private casting was also reduced. Later, the war in the northwest expanded, the rebellion occurred in the southwestern side, and the war broke out. When Yongzheng eleven years, the copper money was reduced again and became a money. Two points, after the Qing Dynasty, the weight requirement for the production of more than one hundred years has not changed. Shunzhi Tongbao money back text format, in accordance with the former Baoquan, Baoyuanquan money style, the back of the text to wear the left to the full text "bao", wear the right to the name of the Manchu money bureau, of which "Chuan, Gui, Shaanxi, Fu, Taiwan, etc., rarely seen. Because Emperor Yongzheng's money law is rigorous and private casting is less, the money on the money of Yongzheng Tongbao is wide and the shape is neat.

​名称：清代-康熙通宝(含乾隆通宝)

Name: Qing Dynasty - Kangxi Tongbao (including Qianlong Tongbao)

介绍：该组康熙通宝铜质精良，金黄细腻。文字工整，字口清晰，别具一格。色泽明亮、自然纯正、表面光洁明润、品相上乘，外沿光滑无纹饰。外沿与中心方孔之间正面浮雕“康熙通宝”四楷体字，背面浮雕满汉双文；附带一枚品相良好的乾隆通宝。The group of Kangxi Tongbao is excellent in copper and delicate in color. The text is neat, the word is clear, and it has a unique style. The color is bright, natural and pure, the surface is smooth and bright, the product is superior, and the outer edge is smooth and without decoration. The front side of the outer edge and the central square hole embossed the "Kangxi Tongbao" four-character body, the back embossed Man Han double text; with a good appearance of Qianlong Tongbao.

本文章由库恩国际拍卖行大陆深圳征集处Aissen先生撰写。

库恩国际拍卖行是近年来拍卖界的一匹黑马，成立30年就已经挤入全球十大拍卖行之一，并在法国，澳洲，意大利都设有办事处，在现如今行情低迷的拍卖市场，库恩国际始终保持着高成交率的成绩，犹如黑暗中的一盏明灯，始终给着众多藏家一份希望，一份憧憬。库恩国际拍卖行总裁大卫库恩在接受中新社记者专访时说，库恩国际上拍的藏品必须是经过严格的征集制度征集而来的，我们只要精品。2019年是库恩国际拍卖行进军亚洲香港的第一个年头，这次迎春拍的表现，既表明库恩国际拍卖行已跻身并稳居香港拍卖市场阵营，也将推动库恩国际拍卖行发展再上一个大台阶。库恩国际拍卖行2019年迎春拍称为“一场完美的拍卖会”，也将是库恩国际拍卖行一个新的里程碑”。

服务使品质完美，专业使艺术无暇——这就是库恩国际集团等企业精神，严格的藏品甄选制度，只求精不求多。这也促成了库恩国际高成交率的最重要原因之一。

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