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探秘指墨艺术:名家朱祖国先生的独特魅力

2024-08-20 17:40:17 未知

指画是中国特有的一门绘画艺术,有着悠久的历史,又名指头画、指墨画,为写意画的表现手法之一。作画时,画家用指甲、手掌、手指等部位蘸上水墨或色彩代笔,作勾、点、皴、染,也可与毛笔混用,呈现出偏于粗犷、古拙的艺术风格。在中国绘画史上,不乏毛笔、手指作画二者兼长的画家,他们在使用毛笔这一古老的工具创作之外,又尝试“赤手空拳”、“空手入白刃”的作画乐趣,别开生面又不失水墨丹青之韵。

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指墨艺术名家朱祖国先生

在世人流传的张璪以秃笔作画、手摸素绢故事中,很多人认为唐代画家张璪首开指画先河,但苦无实物考证,清以来,画家群体中涌现出一大批勇于探索的指墨名家,如高其佩、高凤翰,扬州八怪中的黄慎、罗聘,以及潘天寿、钱松喦等。

当代画坛指画领域的代表性画家朱祖国,他的指画题材包罗万象,山水、人物、花卉、虫鸟,或气势磅礴,或刻划细微,创造了指画的各种表现手法,将“画尽意在”、“意在画外”的中国画艺术风格发挥得淋漓尽致。朱祖国认为,“用指废笔者,以笔所难到处,指能传其神,而指所到处,笔勿能及也。”可见指画的特点主要在于指墨的运用,不论线条或设色都与笔画不同,灵妙变化多端,似无笔墨刻画之痕。

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指墨艺术名家朱祖国先生指墨鹰

有专家认为,指画创作是朱祖国绘画艺术的一个重要组成部分,其量其质,皆不可小觑。朱祖国的指头画取材宽广,包括山水、花鸟、虫鱼、走兽、人物,而尤以梅、鹰、荷花、巨石最多。朱祖国认为手指蘸墨难以蓄水,画线和墨色变化均不如毛笔可以随意控制,朱祖国说:“利用它不很听指挥的特点,使作品得到似生非生,似拙非拙,似能非能,以及意到指不到,神到形不到的妙处。”

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指墨艺术名家朱祖国先生指墨鹰

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指墨艺术名家朱祖国先生指墨鸟

朱祖国认为,要把指画中用墨用色效果推到极致,必须有用笔作画的真功力。在历代指画名家的作品中,指画所追求的是不同于用笔作画的特殊效果,由于笔锋含水分较多,虽有皲、擦,但仍较为流畅,而手指不能蓄墨,致使线条时断时续,不宜画过细和过精的线条,不能作慢线、长线,工具的局限性需要更高的表现功力。

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指墨艺术名家朱祖国先生指墨鹰

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指墨艺术名家朱祖国先生指墨梅花

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