青花瓷(blue and white porcelain)，又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化钴的钴矿为原料，在陶瓷坯体上描绘纹饰，再罩上一层透明釉，经高温还原焰一次烧成。钴料烧成后呈蓝色，具有着色力强、发色鲜艳、烧成率高、呈色稳定的特点。原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代青花成为瓷器的主流。清康熙时发展到了顶峰。明清时期，还创烧了青花五彩、孔雀绿釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花红彩、黄地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品种。

Blue and white porcelain (blue and white porcelain), also known as the white ground blue and white porcelain, often referred to as "blue and white, is one of the mainstream of Chinese porcelain, under glaze color porcelain. Blue and white porcelain is made with cobalt oxide cobalt ore as raw material, on the ceramic body paint decoration, to cover a layer of transparent glaze by the high temperature reducing flame burning at a time. After firing of cobalt material is blue, bright with strong tinting strength, hair color, the characteristics of high firing rate, color stability. The original blue and white porcelain in the tang and song dynasty has weakened, the mature blue and white porcelain in jingdezhen yuan dynasty left kiln. In the Ming dynasty blue and white become the mainstream of porcelain. When the qing emperor kangxi to the top. During the Ming and qing dynasties, and burned blue and white color, malachite green glaze green, pea green, blue and white, blue and red color, yellow to blue and white, the elder brother of the glaze blue derived varieties, etc.

       明初(洪武朝1368--1402)的青花器有大小盘、碗、梅瓶、玉壶春瓶等。所用青料以国产料为主，也不排除有少量进口料。青花发色有的淡蓝，有的泛灰。前者有一部分有晕散现象。纹饰布局仍有元代多层装饰的遗风，题材也变化不大，但许多细节已有变化:如蕉叶的中梗留白;花瓣留白边较之元代更明显清晰;牡丹叶子"缺刻"部位较深，不如元代的肥硕;菊花绘成"扁菊"，花芯以方格纹表现;龙纹仍是细长身，但除了三、四爪外，已出现五爪，爪形似风轮，气势不如元龙凶猛矫健。辅助纹饰的如意云头由元代的三阶云改为二阶云;莲瓣纹内多绘佛家八宝(元代多绘道家杂宝)。碗、小盘多绘云气纹，仅绘于器物外壁的上半部。器物底足多平切、砂底无釉见窑红。未出现年款，带款的器物也极少。

Ming (1368-1402) HongWuChao of blue and white big small dish, bowl, mei bottles, okho spring bottle, etc. The green material is given priority to with domestic materials, does not rule out a small amount of imported raw materials. Blue and white hair color light blue, grey. Part of the former have dizzy phenomenon. Decorative layout is the yuan dynasty relic of illuminative of multilayer, theme is also changed little, but many details have change: as in the white space; Petals white edge than the yuan dynasty more clear; Peony leaves "incision" part is deeper, than the fat of yuan dynasty; Drawn "flat chrysanthemum," chrysanthemum flower core with checkered performance; Dragon pattern is still the slender body, but in addition to three or four claws, already appeared five claw, claw like wind turbines, imposing manner than yuan dragon fierce athletic. Auxiliary grain ruyi yuntou from yuan dynasty third-order cloud to second-order cloud; Lotus-shaped tattoo in many buddhist sweet (yuan dynasty Taoist mixed treasure). Bowl, small draw more gas lines, and only the upper half of the painting on the outer wall of artifacts. Implements bottom of foot flat cut, sand bottom unglazed see red kiln. Does not appear in, take implements rarely.

       元代创造青花釉里红艺术瓷以来，历经明、清以至现代，在这657年的发展历程中，一代代艺人辛勤探索，从起步阶段的釉色不够纯正，造型、图案的比较单一，发展到釉色纯正，造型、图案日趋丰富多彩。正由于这个艺术瓷品种的不断发展完善，使它随着时间的推移，越来越被中外人士所鉴尝。

  Since the yuan dynasty blue and white youligong create artistic porcelain, after the Ming and qing to modern times, in the development of the 657, generations of artists hard to explore, from the initial phase of glaze color is not pure, modelling, design is single, development to the glaze color is pure, modelling, the design has become increasingly rich and colorful. Is due to the continuous development of the artistic porcelain varieties perfect, make it as time goes on, becomes more and more as a taste for Chinese and foreign people.