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大清铜币

大清铜币,学名清代机制铜圆,钱面中央有“大清铜币”四个汉字,内嵌一小字代表地名,上端是满文“大清铜币”字样,两侧为年份。边缘中间分别“户部”二汉字,下端为“当制钱二十文”。钱背中央为蟠龙,上端是“光绪(或宣统)年造”,下端英文“Tai-Ching Ti-Kuo Copper Coin”字样(大清帝国铜币)。

各地铸造比较统一。铸造始于1900年(清光绪二十六年),止于1911年(宣统三年),流通时间较短。因其版面设计优雅,雕刻精良,且存世量极为稀少,大清铜币光绪年户部造当十被誉为中国近代制币中的十大名誉品之一。

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大清铜币版式繁多,尤以当十者为最。多位清帝在位时发行过铜币来作为流通货币,铜币的使用具有重要的现实意义和历史意义,使交易逐渐便利起来。而如今,大清铜币也具有一定的收藏价值,许多收藏家对大清铜币爱不释手,而收集多种多样的铜币已经成为了他们的目标。

鉴于各省铸行铜元毫无节制, 清政府便着手整顿和统一币制,试图将铸币权收归国有,加强控制。1905年(光绪三十一年)10月,清政府在天津设立的户部造币总厂开始铸造新式铜元“大清铜币”,并颁布《整顿圜法章程十条》,其中规定:“铜元成色定为用九七紫铜,三厘白铜,原用听锡一厘”;“重量定准当二十者重库平四钱,当十者重库平二钱,当五者重库平一钱,当二者重库平四分”;“统一制造大清铜币,由户部颁发祖模,均与总厂所铸一律,惟于正面加铸省名一字,以便查考。每次铸出,均须呈送财政处户部化验,并由财政处户部随时遵派要员前往稽查”,“各省所铸铜币,应令该省所设官钱公估等局,酌量市面情形定价,随发随收,持之以信”;“各省所铸铜币, 不得大宗贩运出生活上,若各省需用铜币,可备价至总厂领取”。

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面对铜元泛滥之灾愈演愈烈,清政府决心彻底改革币制,从根本上解决铜元铸行中暴露出来的问题,废除旧铜元,再造新铜元。1910年(宣统二年)4月16日, 清政府颁布了《币制则例》, 实行银本位制, 即以银元为主币,铜元为辅币,一种新型辅币制度明文确立。新铜元以分为单位,有二分、一分、五厘、一厘四种。然而,这套新铜元的币值又与制钱比价相背离,只铸式样,并未流通。故1911年(宣统三年)又推出一套新铜元, 仍称“大清铜币”, 计有二十文、 十文、五文和二文、一文五种,五文以上铸有制钱和银元互换值, 以补第一套新铜元之不足。 同时还规定新、 旧铜元暂时同用,在三年之内逐步收回旧铜元,期满停止使用。但这一币制改革方案,还未来得及全面实施(只有十文和一文铜元进入流通领域),便爆发了辛亥革命,清朝灭亡。

The scientific name of Qing Dynasty copper coin is Qing Dynasty machine-made copper coin. There are four Chinese characters "Qing Dynasty copper coin" in the center of the coin face, with a small character embedded to represent the place name. At the top is Manchu "Qing Dynasty copper coin", with the year on both sides. In the middle of the edge, there are two Chinese characters "Hubu" and the bottom is "ten characters for making money". In the middle of the back of the coin is a Panlong, with the upper end of the coin being made in the year of Guangxu (or Xuantong), and the lower end of the coin being written in English with the words "Tai Ching Ti Kuo copper coin".




The casting in different places is relatively uniform. The casting began in 1900 (the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty) and ended in 1911 (the third year of the reign of emperor Xuantong). Because of its elegant layout, excellent carving and rare quantity, the ten household coins of Guangxu year in Qing Dynasty are known as one of the ten famous coins in modern China.




There are many types of copper coins in the Qing Dynasty, especially the ten. Many emperors of the Qing Dynasty issued copper coins as currency in circulation. The use of copper coins has important practical and historical significance, which makes the transaction more convenient. Nowadays, the Qing Dynasty copper coins also have a certain collection value, many collectors can not put down the Qing Dynasty copper coins, and collecting a variety of copper coins has become their goal.


In view of the unrestrained coinage of copper coins in various provinces, the Qing government began to rectify and unify the currency system, trying to nationalize the coinage right and strengthen the control. In October 1905 (the 31st year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), the general mint of the Ministry of household set up by the Qing government in Tianjin began to cast the new type of copper coins of the Qing Dynasty, and promulgated ten articles of the articles of Association for rectifying the circular law, which stipulated that "the quality of the copper yuan should be 97% red copper, 3% white copper and 1% tin"; "When the weight is fixed, 20 coins should be of four coins, 10 coins should be of two coins, 5 coins should be of one coin, and the two coins should be of four coins." "the bronze coins of the Qing Dynasty should be made in a unified way, and the ancestral molds issued by the Ministry of household are the same as those made by the General Factory, but the name of the province should be added on the front for reference. Each time the coin is cast, it must be submitted to the Ministry of Finance for testing, and the Ministry of Finance shall send an important person to inspect it at any time. "" the copper coin cast in each province should be priced according to the market situation, and received as soon as it is issued, and received by letter. "" the copper coin cast in each province should not be sold in large quantities in daily life. If it is needed in each province, it can be prepared for collection at the general factory. ".


Facing the increasing disaster of copper yuan flooding, the Qing government was determined to reform the currency system thoroughly, fundamentally solve the problems exposed in the copper yuan casting, abolish the old copper yuan and rebuild the new copper yuan. On April 16, 1910 (Xuantong 2), the Qing government promulgated the code of currency system, which implemented the silver standard system, namely, taking silver as the main currency, copper as the auxiliary currency, and a new type of auxiliary currency system was established clearly. The new copper yuan is divided into four types: two, one, five and one. However, the value of the new copper dollar deviates from the price comparison of money making, only in the form of casting, and is not in circulation. Therefore, in 1911 (the third year of Xuantong), a new set of copper yuan was launched, still known as "Da Qing copper coin", which included five types of 20, ten, five and two and one article. More than five articles were cast with exchange value of money and silver to supplement the deficiency of the first set of new copper yuan. At the same time, it is also stipulated that the new and old copper yuan shall be used together temporarily, and the old copper yuan shall be gradually recovered within three years and shall be stopped at the end of the period. However, before the reform of the currency system was fully implemented (only ten and one copper yuan entered the circulation field), the 1911 Revolution broke out and the Qing Dynasty was destroyed.

【藏 品 名 称】大清铜币

【藏 品 类 型】钱币

【藏 品 年 代】清代

【藏 品 来 源】个人珍藏

收藏指数★★★★★投资指数★★★★★ 



特别声明:本文为艺术头条自媒体平台“艺术号”作者上传并发布,仅代表该作者观点。艺术头条仅提供信息发布平台。

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