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我们不知民间的鼻烟壶生产始于何时,最为确叨的记载是,康熙初期,我国官方便正式生产鼻烟壶。从此,中国工艺匠师们的聪明才智便在鼻烟壶的制造万面得到了淋漓尽致的发挥。中国鼻烟壶制作之精美,品种之繁多,造型之丰富,均超过了欧洲和美洲,成为当之无愧的佼佼者。自康熙、雍正之后,鼻烟壶深入到中国人的生活中。那时,人们见面的第一件事,就是互相敬鼻烟,然后再互相鉴赏鼻烟壶。康熙时,传谕旨清宫造办处,生产鼻烟壶、典章用品、室内陈设品等,用以赏赐皇戚贵族、王公大臣及馈赠外国帝王和使臣。雍正年间鼻烟壶生产进一步扩大,广东生产的“广式玻璃烟壶”也在雍正六年(1728)进入宫中。至乾隆盛世,鼻烟壶的制作在形式、工艺与质地等方面都较前期有了更大的飞跃。
We do not know when the folk snuff bottle production began, the most accurate record is that in the early Kangxi period, the official production of snuff bottle. Since then, the wisdom of Chinese craftsmen in the manufacture of snuff bottles have been fully played. China's snuff bottles are well-known for their exquisite workmanship, variety and abundance of shapes. Since Kangxi and Yong Zheng, snuff bottles have penetrated into Chinese life. At that time, the first thing people met was to respect each other's snuff, and then to appreciate each other. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, the Qing Dynasty imperial edict Office produced snuff bottles, articles of Ordinance and interior furnishings to reward nobles, princes and ministers, and to present foreign emperors and envoys. The production of snuff bottles was further expanded during the reign of Yongzheng, and the Guangzhou-style glass smoke pots produced in Guangdong entered the palace in the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728). In the heyday of Qianlong, the manufacture of snuff bottle had a great leap in form, technology and texture.
此鼻烟壶所绘珐琅釉色彩淡雅,清新亮丽,绘制精美,烧造优良,是鼻烟壶中最为惹人喜爱的作品。
The enamel glaze painted by this snuff bottle is light and elegant in color, fresh and bright, beautifully painted and well burned. It is one of the most popular works in snuff bottle.
雍正时期,宫廷制作鼻烟壶的数量大增。这时期的制品也最为讲究,精美华丽,在造型装饰制作技法方面都有很多创新。雍正皇帝大力提倡宫廷制作工艺,并亲自督造查看造办处设计成品造型。这一时期宫廷造办处的制作管理逐步健全。清宫雍正年活计档中记载了大量的鼻烟壶制品。工艺技术的改进,品种的增加,式样的定型都坚持"内廷恭造"之式,形成了特殊的宫廷风格。再者,金胎珐琅器属稀世珍品,一般珐琅器的表面多全部为珐琅彩所遮盖,只在口沿和足沿部份露出胎骨,施以镀金。而此壶则以铜鎏金錾打而成,部分器面更以錾花作装饰,此华美器物当属清雍正时期宫中造办处所制。观其釉面,釉质莹润,施彩精到,色泽柔和、艳丽,有广东珐琅彩的风格。此烟壶用料考究,鎏金灿然,造型精致,制作工艺考究,画面秀丽,画工精致,是一件风格鲜明的雍正朝时期的新式画珐琅精品,为不可多得之珍品。
During the Yong Zheng era, the number of snuff bottles made by the court increased greatly. The products of this period are also the most exquisite, exquisite and gorgeous, in the shape of decorative production techniques have many innovations. Emperor Yong Zheng vigorously promoted the court making process and personally supervised the design of the finished product. During this period, the production management of the court office was gradually improving. A lot of snuff bottles were recorded in Yong Zheng's life archives. The improvement of technology, the increase of varieties and the stereotyping of patterns all adhere to the "imperial courtesy" style, forming a special court style. Moreover, the gold-tyred enamel is a rare treasure. In general, the surface of the enamel is mostly covered by enamel colors, showing the fetal bones only at the mouth and foot edges, gilded. And this pot is made of bronze and gold chips, and some of the utensils are decorated with chiffon flowers. This magnificent utensil belongs to the palace building of Qing Yongzheng period. Look at its glaze, its glaze is smooth, its color is exquisite, its color is soft and bright, and it has the style of Guangdong enamel. This cigarette pot is a new type of painted enamel in the period of Yongzheng Dynasty with distinctive style. It is made of exquisite materials, golden colors, exquisite shapes, exquisite craftsmanship, beautiful pictures and exquisite paintings.
赏析:此鼻烟壶呈圆形,鎏金包裹上身底部,金含量也多,非常大器。小巧似荷包。双面均绘花卉图案,色彩浓郁。花卉图花娇艳绽放,细节勾勒细致入微,线条粗细适度,再施以淡彩填色,铺陈有度。牡丹花色彩富贵华丽,花叶层次分明,生机盎然。此壶釉料细润,色彩灿烂,做工规整,可谓杰作。据史料记载,鼻烟是明朝万历九年(公元1581年)被意大利传教士利玛窦带进中国的舶来品。在我国,鼻烟首先用于药材。到了清代,随着国人开始吸食鼻烟,特别是皇亲贵胄、文武大臣的偏好和喜爱,鼻烟和鼻烟壶才在我国得以迅速发展,而携带鼻烟壶也逐渐成为身份、地位的象征。
Appreciation: This snuff bottle is round, gilt wrapped on the bottom of the body, gold content is also large, very large device. It's like a purse. Both sides are painted flower patterns with rich colors. Flowers blossom delicately, details delicately delineated, lines moderately thick and thin, and then apply light colors to fill, display moderately. The color of peony is rich and gorgeous, with clear foliage and vitality. This pot of glaze is fine and colorful, and its workmanship is regular and masterpiece. According to historical records, snuff was imported into China by Italian missionary Matteo Ricci in the ninth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1581 AD). Snuff is first used in Chinese medicine. In the Qing Dynasty, snuff bottles and snuff bottles developed rapidly in China, and snuff bottles gradually became the symbol of status and status, with the people beginning to smoke snuff, especially the preferences and preferences of Royal relatives, nobles and civil and military ministers.
雍正时期,国泰民安,宫廷制作的鼻烟壶数量有所提高。制品也极为精美华丽,且在造型装饰制作技法上有很多创新。雍正皇帝为提高宫廷制作工艺,更亲自督造。因而,这一时期的工艺技术的改进、品种的增加,式样的定型,均遵守“内廷恭造”之式,形成其特有的宫廷风格。
During the Yong Zheng period, the number of snuff bottles made by the court was greatly increased. The products are also exquisite and magnificent, and there are many innovations in modeling and decoration techniques. Emperor Yong Zheng did more to improve palace making techniques. Therefore, the improvement of technology, the increase of varieties and the stereotyping of patterns in this period all conformed to the "imperial courtesy" pattern, forming its unique Palace style.
雍正珐琅彩瓷的款识,一般以蓝料,黑料彩书写,四字楷书"雍正年制",后人评价雍正珐琅彩瓷有四绝"质地之白白如雪,一绝也;薄如卵幕,嘘之而欲飞,二绝也;以极精之显微镜窥之,花有露珠,鲜艳纤细,蝶有茸毛,且颈颈竖起,三绝也;小品而题极精之楷篆各款,细有蝇头,四绝也。"
Yongzheng enamel-colored porcelain is generally written in blue and black, four-character regular "Yongzheng Year". Later generations commented that there are four unique "white as snow, one absolute; thin as egg curtain, shush and want to fly, two absolute; with a very fine microscope peep, flowers have dew beads, bright and slender, butterflies have pubescence, and neck erect." As for the three essays, the short essay is the most accurate one. "
目前藏品持有人欲将此珍品结缘于有缘之士,参加2018年迪拜精品拍卖会,有兴趣可搜索登陆深圳乾龙国际文化传播有限公司官网,预约贵宾名额,一览珍品风采!
At present, the collector would like to associate this treasure with a predestined person to participate in the 2018 Dubai boutique auction, interested in searching the official website of Shenzhen Qianlong International Cultural Communication Co., Ltd., to make an appointment for VIP places, a glimpse of the treasure!
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