“釉里红”是元代景德镇窑创烧的一种釉下彩绘。釉里红即釉下的红色，它以氧化铜在瓷坯上着彩，然后施透明釉，1300℃还原焰烧成。

但真正色彩鲜艳的极为罕见，这是因为它的制作过程复杂。这一工艺始于元代，明代达到成熟阶段，清代以后，更有所发展。

釉里红瓷创烧于元代，但数量极少，可谓凤毛麟角。原因是铜离子对温度极为敏感，在窑炉中火候不到，呈现黑红色或灰红色；火候销过铜离子便挥发，从釉层中逸出，呈现特有的飞红现象或干脆退色，纹饰不连贯。当时烧柴窑很难控制窑温，只有凭把桩师父的经验与取出火照对比，无法大规模生产。而且元人尚白，汉人尚红，民族认同感也有别，所以釉里红产量一直很小。

 

近日福羲国际拍卖行有幸征得一件“元代釉里红龙纹高足杯”，敞口外侈，丰腹内收，高足空，白胎，釉色光润。釉里红是一种釉下彩绘，它以铜的氧化物为着色剂，高温还原后呈现红色，烧制难度极高，外壁与内壁釉里红纹饰发色瑰丽浓郁，堪称杰作。该藏品釉面肥润呈卵白色，釉里红发色深浅不一，红中发暗，并伴有黑斑，体现出当时的工艺特征，三爪龙纹矫健有力，胎质坚实手感润滑，为典型的麻仓土特点，整器手工拉坯痕迹明显，杯内的卷草纹和火云纹均为典型的元代纹饰，圈足上由里而外渗出的铁锈斑火石红非常自然。是一件非常难得的元代釉里红龙纹高足杯，具有极高的艺术价值和收藏价值。

目前传世或出土的元代釉里红器极少，成功者更为少见。此杯不仅釉下红色纯正，釉面匀净，且造型端庄规整，纹饰描绘更是细腻精致，自然生动，在品种、数量都不甚多的元代釉里红器中堪称珍品。

 

"Glaze red" is a kind of under-glaze painting created and burned by Jingdezhen kiln in Yuan Dynasty. The red in glaze is the red under glaze. It is painted with copper oxide on the ceramic body, then glazed transparently, and fired in a reduction flame at 1300 C.

But the real bright color is extremely rare, because its production process is complex. This technology began in the Yuan Dynasty, reached a mature stage in the Ming Dynasty, and developed more after the Qing Dynasty.

Red enamel was first fired in the Yuan Dynasty, but its quantity is very small, so it is rare. The reason is that copper ions are extremely sensitive to temperature, and they are black red or grey red when they are not fired in the kiln; copper ions volatilize when they are fired and escape from the glaze layer, showing a unique phenomenon of flying red or simply fading, and the decoration is incoherent. At that time, it was very difficult to control the temperature of the kiln. Only by comparing Master Pile's experience with the light taken out, it was impossible to produce on a large scale. Moreover, the Yuan people are still white, the Han people are red, and the national identity is different, so the production of glazed red has been very small.

Recently, Fuxi International Auction House has the honor to win a "Yuan Dynasty glazed red dragon pattern high-foot cup", which is extravagant, rich, empty, white, glaze lustrous. Underglaze red is a kind of underglaze color painting. It takes copper oxide as colorant. After reduction at high temperature, it appears red. It is very difficult to firing. The red decoration on the outer and inner glaze is magnificent and rich, which can be regarded as a masterpiece. The collector's glaze is rich and oval white, with different shades of red hair, dark in red and black spots, reflecting the technological characteristics at that time. The three-claw dragon pattern is robust and powerful, the matrix is solid and hand-felt lubrication, which is typical of the Ma Cang soil. The handmade drawing marks of the whole instrument are obvious. The curly and fire moire patterns in the cup are typical Yuan Dynasty decorations, and the rust spots oozing out from inside to outside on the feet of the cup are typical. Firestone red is very natural. It is a very rare red dragon goblet in the glaze of Yuan Dynasty. It has high artistic value and collection value.

At present, there are few glazed red wares handed down or unearthed in the Yuan Dynasty, and even fewer successful ones. This cup is not only pure red under glaze, even glaze surface, but also elegant and regular shape. The decoration depiction is exquisite, natural and vivid. Its decoration is dense. It can be regarded as a treasure in Yuan Dynasty glazed red wares with few varieties and quantities.