在先秦美学思想中，孔子提出了一个重要的美学观点：“辞，达而己矣。“（《论语•伟灵公》）《左传•襄公二十五年》则记载了孔子的又一言论：“言以足志”和“言之无文，行而不远”。孔子在此确立了一个重要的文艺标准。——“达”，〈左传〉所言可视为这一标准的进一步阐述。“达”，就是对文艺作品内容的表达要流畅自然、清楚明白，而简陋枯塞、文理混乱则非“达”也，华而不实和妍艳绮丽更是与“达”之要求背道而驰。《尚书》中”辞尚体要，不惟好异。“论的是同样道理。通过创作实践看，做到“达”实非易事，故有“辞莫贵乎达，亦莫难于达。”之喟叹。（黄薇香语，载胡夤《明明子论语集解义疏》）又得出结论：“桔塞者不达，艳丽者亦未达矣。”可见能够符合“达”的标准，确乎难矣。

　　纵观今日之美术界，枯塞者多，艳丽者亦多，而独达者罕见。亦即说，形式变幻者易，而内容充实者难矣。文艺作品贵在言之有物，有感而发，病在无病呻吟，扭捏作态。所以，文艺标准所要求的质朴无华，实则是教人通向康壮大道的法实或基本法则，然自古以来能领悟此要旨者实可谓凤毛麟角。今观女画家王俊英之油画作品，感其领悟“达”之美学标准颇有深度，遂略作分析，以见其成就。

　　王俊英的作品大多以现代仕女题材。在中国仕女是一个具有悠久传统的被表现的题材。分别在上个世纪的40年代和70年代从湖南长沙出土的两幅帛画被视为现存的最早的以仕女为题材的美术作品，在其后的发展中，以仕女为表现对象的画家名家辈出，成就斐然，与以往的艺术家相比较，王俊英以女性画家的身份表现女性形象，自然多了几分贴切与真切，这当然与她自身的密切体验分不开。王俊英的作品中的女性大多娴静、温情、或有丝丝的忧愁。王俊英描绘的这些形象虽然带有程式化的性质，但是这种程式化又绝非简单化，而是在简单中的丰富化。貌似静止的形象，定格的动作却显出瞬间的移动，这种寓动于静的处理手法既与作者要表达的情调和表现的对象相吻合，又呈现出一种独特的韵律。可以说，王俊英的“达”就在于直白、简洁地表达出她要传达给观众的情绪与情调。在以自己为模特的作品中，人物以其物有的表情和姿态恰当地表现出一种沉静的抑郁的意境。

　　王俊英的绘画艺术的“达”也在她的绘画语言上体现出来。作者往往使用非常传统的中国图案，背景也是中国的花鸟画，在这些要素中，作者像一个指挥家一样调动着各种资源体现出一种有条不紊的秩序感。首先，作品的色彩在整体上体现出温暖的情调，与表现上的静谧与慵懒十分贴切。其次，各种传统的图案交织在一起，在色彩的交乡中互相映衬着，展现出强烈的中国意味。第三，传统图案与器物，甚至传统服装，与画中的现代感颇强的人物形象并不冲突，相反，却体现出一种独特的和谐，并由此构成王俊英以仕女为题材的作品系列的显著基调，尽管作者使用的要素比较复杂，但是在作乾的调配下并没有杂乱无章，而是凸现了一种简洁，从而也达到了“达”的标准。东汉的荀爽在给《周易》作传时说，“极饰反素也。”宗白华先生认为《贲卦》中包含了“华丽繁富的美和平淡素净的美”这两种相互对立的美学范畴之统一。（宗白华〈美学散步〉，第39页）我认为王俊英的作品基本上体现了这种审美风格。

　　戏剧人物是王俊英另一个喜欢表现的题材。在这些作品中依然延续了她的仕女题材的风格，相比之下，这些作品更加简洁、自然。在这些作品中，充分展示出作者对中国传统与西方表达形式所作的良好融合。以油画表现戏曲与戏剧人物一直是中国油画的课题，在王俊英这里所传达出的信息展示了这种完美的会合。对人物脸谱的处理，既保留了中国画的简化的特点，又集中了西画的丰富特征，因而完成了自然的融合，体现出独特的，具有现代意味的美感。

　　王俊英感兴趣的题材比较广泛，从外国朋友的肖像到他们生活的情景，看出画家对自己所表现人物和风景的真切感情。因此，王俊英的作品中的人物形象尽管有着与换们完全不同的容貌，但是我们依然感到亲切。一方面，这不能不说是作者的功力所致，而另一方面，又更应该说是作者的真情所致。从色彩到形象，在一个中国画家手里转换的如此自然而不留痕迹，确切反映出画家对中西两种艺术语言的把握与领悟。风格多样化也是王俊英的艺术创作的又一特点，在她所表现的花卉或风景画中，笔触呈现出奔放而激越的特征，在表现这些对象的时候，作者像是一下子冲进了激情的漩涡。在似与不似之间，笔触在跳动者，它们不像在仕女题材的作品中那样循规蹈矩，那样悠闲雅适，而是奔腾跳跃，闪烁晃动，画面上激情在翻滚，情感在宣泄。在这些近乎于半抽象的作品中，我们在似乎体味到中国水墨画韵味的同时，也感受到像梵高一样的激情。

　　总之，不管王俊英艺术创作选取的题材还是表现的对象其作品中包含的可贵的品质“达”，是显而易见的，尤为可贵的是在这个“达”的标准获得满足的前提下王俊英的艺术创造还包含了相当的丰富性。这个丰富性就在于画家对前述两种审美范畴的既对立又统一的关系的把握与处理，当然，一个艺术家的道路是非常漫长而艰难的，虽然王俊英在艺术的道路上取得了一定的成就，但是在今后仍会有很长、很艰苦的路要求，在这里，我衷心祝愿她不断取得更加骄人的成绩。

——与北京

作者系《今日中国美术》主编、美术评论家、美术史家、中国艺术研究院副研究员

　　In the pre-Qin aesthetics thought, Confucius put forward an important aesthetic point of view: " speech, and has passed away. " ( " Analects of Confucius ", " Zuo Wei him ), he has recorded twenty-five years " Confucius and remarks: " Introduction to foot ethnography "and " words without paper, will not last long ". Confucius on this established an important literary standards. -- " of " Zuo Zhuan ', ' said may be regarded as the standard for further elaboration. " Reach", is a work of art content expression to be smooth and natural, clear, and humble, and confusion is not withered plug " to " also be flashy without substance, and each is Yan-Yan and "up " requirements draw further apart. " Shang " in " demit is body, not only different. " Theory is the same reason. Through the creative practice, do " of " is not an easy task, it is " demit is valuable to, nor difficult to reach. " Sigh with deep feeling. ( yellow Weixiang language, so obviously the Analects of Confucius " contained Hu sub collection " s ) and concluded: " not as bright orange plug, also did not reach. " Visible can match " as " standard, do it.

　　In today's art world, withered plug more beautiful, also more, but only to those rare. That said, the form changes easily, and substantial content is difficult. Literary works is having substance in speech, the words, disease in moan and groan without being ill, kittenish. Therefore, the standards required by the simple, it is to teach people to Kang Zhuang Avenue law or fundamental law, but since ancient times can comprehend the gist of it may be said is very rare. This concept of female painter Wang Junying painting, a sense of its understanding of " up to " the aesthetic standards of great depth, then make an analysis slightly, to see his achievements.

　　Wang Junying works mostly with themes of modern ladies. In the traditional Chinese has a long tradition of being the performance theme. In the last century 40 's and 70's from Hunan to Changsha two unearthed silk painting is regarded as the earliest extant to ladies as art works, in subsequent developments, to ladies as the object of painters masters come forth in large numbers, achievement strikings, and previous artist compared to females, Wang Junying the painter's identity performance of female image, naturally somewhat more appropriate and real, this course with her own close experience inseparable. Wang Junying's works of the female mostly quiet, warmth, or a trace of sorrow. Wang Junying portrays the image with stylized nature, but this program not simplistic, but in simple in rich. Seemingly static image, rated action has shown Instant Mobile, this apartment in the static handling both with the author to express the sentiment and the performance of the objects coincide, but also showed a unique rhythm. Can say, Wang Junying's " up" is straightforward, simple to express her to convey to the audience 's mood and atmosphere. In own model for work, figure in some expressions and gestures appropriate to demonstrate a quiet depressive mood.

　　The art of Wang Junying 's " up" is also reflected in her painting language. Authors often use very traditional Chinese motifs, the background is also Chinese flower-and-bird painting, in these elements, the author as a conductor to mobilize various resources reflects a sense of order of everything in good order and well arranged. First of all, the color of works reflecting the overall warm atmosphere, and the performance of the quiet and lazy apt. Secondly, all kinds of traditional pattern woven together, in the color make rural mutual set off, revealing a strong Chinese meaning. Third, the traditional pattern and artifacts, even the traditional clothing, and the modern feeling quite strong characters do not conflict, on the contrary, it reflects a kind of unique harmony, which constitutes to lady Wang Junying works series of significant tone, although the authors use the elements to the more complex, but in dry deployment and not be, but shows a concise, thus reaching the standard " reach ". The Eastern Han Dynasty Xun Shuang in " Zhouyi " to make the biography said, " very decorative inverse element. " Mr Zong Baihua argues that " hexagram Bi " contains " gorgeous beauty and rich nitrogen net beauty " the two conflicting aesthetics category of unity. ( Zong Baihua ' aesthetics ', page thirty-ninth ) I think that Wang Junying's works basically reflects the aesthetic style。

　　Drama character is Wang Junying another like the performance theme. In these works is still a continuation of her ladies theme, by contrast, these works more concise, natural. In these works, fully demonstrated the Chinese tradition and Western forms of expression for the good fusion. Opera and drama in oil painting Chinese painting figures has always been subject, Wang Junying's here to convey information to demonstrate the perfect rendezvous. The character mask processing, not only retains the characteristics of Chinese painting simplified, and focus on the western rich features, and thus completed the natural fusion, reflect the unique, with modern means of beauty.

　　Wang Junying's interest in the subject matter is more extensive, foreign friends from portrait to their life situations, see the painter to their characters and scenery real feelings. Therefore, Wang Junying's characters in his works despite and change are entirely different looks, but we still feel warm. On one hand, it can not be said to be caused by the writer's ability, but on the other hand, and more should be said is the author of truth. From color to the image, in a Chinese painter hand conversion so natural and leave no trace, accurate to reflect the painter on two kinds of Chinese and Western artistic language to grasp and comprehend. The style is also Wang Junying's artistic creation and characteristics, in the performance of her flowers or landscape paintings, strokes presents the unrestrained and intense character, in the performance of these objects, the author is like a burst into passionate swirl. In between like and do not like, brush strokes in the beating, unlike in traditional themes such as live too observant of conventional standards., Yashi, but Pentium jumping, dancing, picture of passion in tumbling, emotional catharsis. In the almost half abstract works, we seem to appreciate the Chinese ink painting character at the same time, also feel like Van Gogh 's passion.

　　In conclusion, despite Wang Junying's artistic creation subjects or objects represented in his works contain valuable quality " reach", is obviously, particularly valuable is the " of " criteria be met under the premise of Wang Junying's artistic creation also contains quite rich. This richness is the painter on two kinds of aesthetic category in the relationship of the unity of opposites and grasp the treatment, of course, an artist of the road is very long and difficult, although Wang Junying in art on the road has made some achievements, but in the future there will be a long, hard road requirements, here, I wish she continually made more impressive results

-- with Beijing

Author of " China Today Art " editor, art critic, art historian, China Art Research Institute

作者：郭晓川