【内容概要】

一、霉菌的危害

二、处理发霉的步骤

【视频解说】

   

             艺术怎样管    

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视频号

【字幕介绍】

I'm going to talk to you about what to do if you have a mold outbreak in your collection.

本期视频介绍如何处理藏品发霉

【霉菌的危害】

Mold is a type of fungal growth.

发霉是一种真菌生长现象

Mold spores are everywhere and they carry through the air,

霉菌孢子无处不在，它们通过空气传播

but they do not grow unless the conditions are favorable.

但除非外部条件适宜，霉菌不会生长

To prosper, mold needs a food source.

为了繁殖，霉菌需要食物来源

This could be any organic material in your collection, such as paper, leather, wood or textiles.

食物可以是藏品中的任何有机类材质，如纸张、皮革、木材或纺织品

Mold will only grow if the relative humidity is over 70% for around two days.

霉菌只有在相对湿度超过70%、持续大约两天的情况下才会生长

A flood, water leak or an air conditioning malfunction, may cause this.

洪水、漏水或空调故障可能会导致这种情况

It is important to identify and fix the causative problem to prevent further growth.

找出并解决源头问题很重要，以防止进一步生长

Dust, heat and poor air circulation, also contribute to mold growth.

灰尘、热量和空气流通不良，也有助于霉菌生长

You need to be aware that some molds are a serious health hazard.

应当知晓，有些霉菌严重危害健康

People with health issues or serious allergies should not deal with mold outbreaks.

有健康问题或严重过敏的人不应处理霉菌暴发

【处理发霉的步骤】

-个人防护-

Before handling any moldy items, you need to put on protective equipment.

在处理任何发霉的物品之前，需要戴上个人防护设备

This includes coveralls or laboratory coat, disposable gloves and protective eyewear.

包括连体衣或实验室外套，一次性手套和防护眼镜

A well-fitting facemask is essential.

合适的口罩是必不可少的

A HEPA mask is preferable,

HEPA高效过滤面罩更佳

but if these are not available, use a p2 mask from a hardware store.

如果没有，也可以在工具店买p2口罩（类似N95口罩）

-隔离-

As mold can spread from object to object,

由于霉菌可以从一件作品扩散到另一件作品

try to isolate the affected materials from the rest of your collection.

应试着将受感染的材料与你藏品隔离开

-检查-

Next, check if your mold is active or dormant.

接下来，检查霉菌处于活跃状态或休眠状态

If it is dry and powdery, it is dormant.

如果它是干的和粉状的，则是休眠的

If it is soft and sticky and smears when brushed, it is still active.

如果它是软的和粘的，抹成一片，就是活跃的

-处置- 

Items with active mold are still damp

附有活跃霉菌的藏品仍然潮湿

and need to be placed somewhere with the good air circulation to dry out before they can be cleaned.

需要放置在空气流通良好的地方干燥，然后才能清洗

Any packing materials should be removed and carefully disposed of.

所有包装材料都应拆除并小心处置

Do not use fans as this will spread mold spores.

不要使用风扇，因为这会传播霉菌孢子

For the same reason, avoid placing items near air-conditioning intakes.

同理，避免将物品放置在空调入口附近

If you are overwhelmed with wet or moldy items, freezing can help to buy extra time.

如果潮湿或发霉的作品太多，冷冻可以争取时间

This does not kill the mold, but prevents it from getting worse.

这不会杀死霉菌，但会阻止它恶化

If necessary, items with dormant mold can be securely bagged or placed in a sealed plastic tub

如有必要，带有休眠霉菌的藏品可以安全地装袋或放置在密封的塑料桶中

to isolate them from your collection, prior to cleaning.

与其他藏品隔离开，然后再清洗

-清除-

General mold growth can be removed from most surfaces by brush vacuuming.

一般作品表面生长的霉菌，可以通过扫吸去除

It should be noted that there can be further damage, such as staining or weakening,

应当指出，作品可能会进一步损害，如染色或弱化

that may require conservation treatment.

就可能需要保护处理

When brush vacuuming moldy items,

扫吸发霉的作品时

it is essential to use a vacuum with a HEPA filter, to avoid mold spores spreading.

必须使用真空吸尘器和HEPA高效过滤器，以避免霉菌孢子扩散

【其他技巧】

Once you finish treating mold affected items, bag and dispose all disposable items,

一旦你完成处理受霉菌影响的物品，将一次性物品装袋丢弃

such as your gloves and mask and the vacuum cleaners HEPA filter.

比如手套、口罩以及吸尘器的HEPA高效过滤器

Anything that is being kept, such as brushes or clothing, should be thoroughly washed and dried.

所有保存的东西，如刷子或衣服，都应该彻底清洗和干燥

Effected shelving or display cases should be dried and cleaned.

受影响的货架或展柜应干燥清洁

Vacuum, then wipe or spray with a solution of 70% methylated spirits and 30% water to kill the mold.

真空吸尘，然后擦拭或喷洒70%甲基化酒精和30%水的混合溶液，杀死霉菌

An unscented aerosol disinfectant spray can also be useful for the contaminating storage and display furniture.

无气溶胶消毒喷雾剂也可用于污染的仓库和展示家具消毒

By following these steps you should be able to deal with mold within your collection.

通过遵循这些步骤，您应该能够处理藏品发霉

Thanks for listening.

谢谢观赏

版权所有：Western Australian Museum

http://manual.museum.wa.gov.au

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