钧窑 ，即钧台窑，是在柴窑和鲁山花瓷的风格基础上综合而成的一种独特风格，受道家思想深刻影响，在宋徽宗时期达到高峰，其工艺技术发挥到极致。无论是呈色和各种纹理的表现，做到窑变可控随心所欲的表现技术，至今无人能仿造。宋代受理学的影响，反应在瓷器上就是规整对称，无论是造型或纹理都遵循这一原则，特别是北宋官造钧瓷，不论文房用具或大型祭器都严格遵守这一原则。规整对称，高雅大气，宫廷气势，一丝不苟。其势沉重古朴，明亮而深沉。 建窑 ， 耀州窑 ，钧窑，作为中国传统瓷文化正宗，历史悠久的风格传承至今。放大镜观察，蚯蚓走泥纹，用气泡一个个串连一体呈立体的爬行状，青蛙卵纹包裹卵核一摞摞正欲孵化而出。还有牛血纹，血色深红暗沉杀气腾腾，庄重威严等等，难以一一叙述。北宋 官窑 钧瓷的发色和纹理大小和分布，都难以做到人为控制而恰到好处，是 北宋 瓷艺的最高工艺水平的体现。这批钧瓷工艺早已失传，而窑址也随冰冻积水而下沉。“纵有家财万贯，不如钧瓷一片”。可见当时钧瓷产生的轰动效应。于是各地群相仿效，窑口林立，但至今仍然不得要领。至今，研究文章汗牛充栋，考古窑口不计其数，因都未见过这批北宋官造钧瓷，也只能是管中窥豹了。1955年，禹县（今禹州）陶瓷厂开始研制、探索湮没已久的钧瓷胎釉的基本配方与烧成技术，不仅烧制出玫瑰紫，海棠红、天青、月白等传统色釉，还发展了十多种花釉，并增加了现代日用器皿、艺术陈设瓷等新品种。

有人认为钧窑的必备特点就是釉面具有“蚯蚓走泥纹”，这不完全正确，只能说是特点之一。很多馆藏钧窑的釉面是不具有走泥纹的。因为在当时的官窑，力求釉色均匀，但由于少数器皿在烧制中的窑温、釉色原料配比、烧制环境等因素的影响造成了釉面在温度中的变化还原不一，才形成了走泥纹。

北宋钧窑做到窑变可控，蚯蚓走泥纹是其特征之一。用气泡串起一条条呈立体状的蚯蚓奔爬，蛙卵纹，

鱼卵纹包裹正欲孵化而出的鱼籽，等等。北宋钧瓷最重要的价值就是在于它对釉面随心所欲的表现力。钧，即重量，北宋早期官窑钧瓷分量沉重。中华瓷文化的传统风格就是外表朴实而内秀其中。所谓“华夷光暗滋”的含蓄内敛，道出了宋瓷的本质特点。五代柴窑瓷器发色的鲜美以及色调的神奇变化，是中国瓷艺发展史上的一座里程牌。在柴窑瓷的光辉照耀下，宋，元瓷艺向着风格不同，但技艺精深非凡的道路上发展。掀开了中国瓷艺史上最为辉煌的篇章。原创一直贯穿始终，原创是瓷艺生命的灵魂。一个“隐”一个“显”，道出了几千年中华文化的内在本质。从石器时代东方人便对玉石内蕴的无穷魅力深深吸引，拓展了东方人领悟自然奥秘宽度与厚度。可是直到如今，西方人仍然认为只有闪闪发光的东西才有价值。对自然环境的细微观察，并在瓷器上把它们表现出来，是钧瓷的核心技术所在。这种表现艺术的高度让人惊叹，并一直是贯穿北宋和南宋宫廷制瓷的主流技术。瓷器纹理从北宋的“隐”到南宋的“显”，以至官窑，哥窑纹理的表面形式对元代瓷艺产生了直接影响。

钧窑瓷器历来被人们称之为“国之瑰宝”，在宋代五大名窑中以“釉具五色，艳丽绝伦”而独树一帜。古人曾用“夕阳紫翠忽成岚”等诗句来形容钧瓷釉色灵活、变化微妙之美。传统钧瓷瑰丽多姿，玫瑰紫、海棠红、茄皮紫、鸡血红、葡萄紫、朱砂红、葱翠青……釉中红里透紫、紫里藏青、青中寓白、白里泛青，可谓纷彩争艳。釉质乳光晶莹，肥厚玉润，类翠似玉赛玛瑙，有巧夺天工之美。

钧窑烧成温度已经达到1350℃-1380℃之间，延承了传统钧窑胎质细腻，釉色绚丽夺目的特点，又结合了现代审美，器形饱满玲珑。独特研制的玛瑙釉水在烧制后形成更加鲜明的层次感，十多种釉色绚丽多彩，周身还布满珍珠点、兔丝纹、鱼子纹和曲折迂回的蚯蚓走泥纹等生动美妙的流纹给人无限遐想的空间。

窑变釉，顾名思义，是器物在烧成过程中出现了意想不到的釉色效果。由于窑中含有多种呈色元素，经氧化或还原作用，瓷器在出窑后可能呈现出意外的釉色效果。因由窑变釉出现出于偶然，形态特别，人们又不知其原理，只知于窑内 焙烧 过程变化而得，故称之为“窑变釉”，俗语有“ 窑变 无双”，就是指窑变釉的变化莫测，独一无二。

窑变早在唐代以前的青釉瓷器上即偶有出现。最初，窑中出现窑变曾被视为不祥，尤其是官窑中出现窑变，往往被砸碎。明代时，人们还是无法预测窑变的发生，因此窑变被认为是“怪胎”，统统销毁。清以前景德镇窑偶尔烧制出来的窑变釉瓷也是多被捣毁。

随着人们对窑变釉认识的深入，窑变的缺陷美也逐渐得到人们的喜爱，窑火给釉面造成的缺陷，看久后反而让人回味无穷，甚至有了“娃娃面”、“美人记”之类的美称。窑变釉又因其形态极美，或如灿烂云霞，或如春花秋云，或如大海怒涛，或如万马奔腾，因而被视为艺术瓷釉为人们所欣赏。如宋代河南禹县钧窑生产的铜红窑变，可谓变化莫测，鬼斧神工。到了清代，尤其是清雍正、乾隆时期，窑变已被视为一种祥瑞，甚至作为著名色釉而专门生产。

据《南窑笔记》载，清代生产的窑变釉，虽入火使釉流淌，颜色变化任其自然，非有意预定为某种色泽，但已经能人为配置釉料，较好的控制火候，基本上掌握了窑变的规律。著名的如康熙郎窑红、豇豆红、苹果绿等品种。

在五彩缤纷的颜色釉中，窑变釉瓷器显得十分独特和奇妙。近年来，窑变釉在市场上的价格也开始逐渐上涨，目前，成交价过百万元的窑变釉瓷已达到12件。

2004年，在中国嘉德推出的“飞鸿阁藏瓷”单色釉专题拍卖中，一件清乾隆窑变釉莲蓬口瓶获价165万元，是该专题拍卖成交价最高的一件。2005年香港苏富比春拍上，一件高17.4厘米的清雍正窑变釉贴浮雕螭龙尊估价150万至200万港元，成交价达258.4万港元，是目前窑变釉瓷器中的最高价。2006年香港佳士得春拍，一件清雍正窑变釉三牺瓶拍得224.8万港元的高价。有关专家认为，随着单色釉瓷器逐渐被藏家所看重，窑变釉这种独特的单色釉瓷也具有极大的收藏投资价值。

碗造型沈稳大气，直口深腹，线条流畅，圈足修整利落.器表施天蓝釉，釉层厚润均匀，色泽明快，宛如蔚蓝色天空，淡雅宜人，赏心悦目。釉中的流纹形如流云，意境无穷。钧窑瓷器以釉色鲜丽多变、质感深厚著称，一直备受鉴藏家所珍视，其单色釉制品中，以此天蓝色系为最尊贵者，而此对大碗造型体量基本一致，色泽相近，在钧窑作品中殊为难得。

Jun kiln, namely Juntai kiln, is a unique style based on the style of Chai kiln and Lushan flower porcelain. Deeply influenced by Taoism, it reached its peak in the Huizong period of Song Dynasty, and its technology was brought into full play. No one has been able to imitate the performance technology of controllable kiln change and arbitrary expression, whether it is the performance of color and various textures. The influence of Reception Studies in the Song Dynasty is reflected in the regularity and symmetry of porcelain. This principle is followed in both shape and texture. In particular, Jun porcelain made by officials in the Northern Song Dynasty strictly abides by this principle, regardless of stationery or large sacrificial vessels. Regular and symmetrical, elegant atmosphere, court momentum and meticulous. It is heavy, simple, bright and deep. Jian kiln, Yaozhou Kiln and Jun kiln, as the authentic Chinese traditional porcelain culture, have a long history. Observed with a magnifying glass, earthworms walk through mud patterns and connect them one by one with bubbles in a three-dimensional climbing shape. Frog egg patterns wrap egg nuclei, and piles are about to hatch. There are cow blood lines, deep red and dark, murderous, solemn and dignified, etc., which are difficult to describe one by one. The hair color, texture, size and distribution of Jun porcelain in the official kiln of the Northern Song Dynasty are difficult to be properly controlled, which is the embodiment of the highest technological level of porcelain art in the Northern Song Dynasty. This batch of Jun porcelain craft has long been lost, and the kiln site also sank with frozen water. "Jun porcelain is better than wealth". It can be seen that Jun porcelain had a sensational effect at that time. As a result, local groups followed suit, and there were many kiln mouths, but so far they still don't know the point. So far, there are numerous research articles and countless archaeological kilns. Because they have not seen this batch of Jun porcelain made by officials in the Northern Song Dynasty, they can only peep into the leopard. In 1955, Yu county (today's Yuzhou) ceramic factory began to develop and explore the basic formula and firing technology of Jun porcelain tire glaze, which had been forgotten for a long time. It not only fired traditional colored glaze such as rose purple, Begonia red, azure and moon white, but also developed more than ten kinds of flower glaze, and added new varieties such as modern daily utensils and artistic furnishing porcelain.

Some people think that the necessary feature of Jun kiln is that the glaze has "earthworm walking mud pattern", which is not completely correct. It can only be said to be one of the characteristics. The glaze of many Jun kilns does not have clay grain. Because in the official kilns at that time, the glaze color was uniform. However, due to the influence of kiln temperature, glaze color raw material ratio, firing environment and other factors in the firing of a few utensils, the glaze surface changed and restored differently in temperature, and then the mud pattern was formed.

The Jun kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty controlled the kiln change, and the earthworm walking mud pattern is one of its characteristics. The three-dimensional earthworms run and climb with bubbles, and the frog egg pattern,

The fish egg pattern wraps the fish seeds that are about to hatch, and so on. The most important value of Jun porcelain in the Northern Song Dynasty is its arbitrary expression of glaze. Jun, the weight of Jun porcelain, was heavy in the early Northern Song Dynasty. The traditional style of Chinese porcelain culture is simple in appearance and beautiful in it. The so-called "Hua Yi Guang Yin Zi" is implicit and introverted, which shows the essential characteristics of song porcelain. The freshness of the hair color and the magical change of the color of the Five Dynasties chaiyao porcelain are a milestone in the development history of Chinese porcelain art. Under the brilliance of chaiyao porcelain, the porcelain art of song and Yuan dynasties developed on the road of different styles but profound and extraordinary skills. It opened the most brilliant chapter in the history of Chinese porcelain art. Originality runs through all the time. Originality is the soul of porcelain art life. One "hidden" and one "obvious" reveal the internal essence of Chinese culture for thousands of years. Since the stone age, Oriental people have been deeply attracted to the infinite charm of jade, which has expanded the width and thickness of Oriental people's understanding of natural mysteries. But until now, Westerners still think that only shiny things are valuable. The core technology of Jun porcelain is to observe the natural environment and show them on porcelain. The height of this expressive art is amazing and has always been the mainstream technology of court porcelain making in the northern and Southern Song dynasties. The surface form of porcelain texture from the "hidden" in the Northern Song Dynasty to the "obvious" in the Southern Song Dynasty, as well as the official kiln and Ge kiln had a direct impact on the porcelain art of the Yuan Dynasty.

Jun kiln porcelain has always been called "national treasure", which is unique among the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty. The ancients used the poem "the setting sun is purple and green and suddenly becomes a haze" to describe the beauty of the flexible and subtle change of Jun porcelain glaze. Traditional Jun porcelain is magnificent and colorful, including rose purple, Begonia red, eggplant skin purple, chicken blood red, grape purple, cinnabar red, green and green... It can be said that the glaze is red and purple, purple and Tibetan green, white in green and green in white. The glaze is milky and crystal clear, plump and Yurun. It is like jade and agate. It has the beauty of superb workmanship.

The firing temperature of Jun kiln has reached 1350 ℃ - 1380 ℃, which not only inherits the characteristics of fine tire and gorgeous glaze of traditional Jun kiln, but also combines modern aesthetics, with full and exquisite shape. The unique agate glaze water forms a more distinct sense of hierarchy after firing. More than a dozen kinds of glaze colors are colorful. The whole body is also covered with vivid and beautiful flow patterns such as pearl dots, rabbit silk patterns, roe patterns and tortuous earthworm walking mud patterns, giving people unlimited reverie space.

Kiln glaze, as the name suggests, is an unexpected glaze effect in the firing process. Because there are many color elements in the kiln, porcelain may show unexpected glaze effect after coming out of the kiln through oxidation or reduction. Because the kiln change glaze appears accidentally and has a special shape, people do not know its principle and only know the change of roasting process in the kiln, so it is called "kiln change glaze". As the saying goes, "kiln change is unique", which means that the kiln change glaze is unpredictable and unique.

Kiln changes appeared occasionally on blue glazed porcelain as early as the Tang Dynasty. At first, the kiln change in the kiln was regarded as ominous, especially in the official kiln, which was often smashed. In the Ming Dynasty, people were still unable to predict the occurrence of kiln change, so kiln change was regarded as a "freak" and all were destroyed. Before the Qing Dynasty, most of the kiln change glazed porcelain occasionally fired in Jingdezhen kiln were destroyed.

With the deepening of people's understanding of kiln change glaze, the defect beauty of kiln change has gradually been loved by people. The defects caused by kiln fire on the glaze will give people endless aftertaste after a long time, and even have the reputation of "doll face" and "beauty". Kiln glaze is regarded as an artistic porcelain glaze because of its beautiful shape, such as brilliant clouds, spring flowers and autumn clouds, sea waves, or galloping horses. For example, the copper red kiln produced by Jun kiln in Yu County, Henan Province in the Song Dynasty is unpredictable and uncanny. In the Qing Dynasty, especially in the Yongzheng and Qianlong periods of the Qing Dynasty, kiln transformation has been regarded as a kind of auspicious luck, and even produced as a famous colored glaze.

According to the southern kiln notes, although the kiln change glaze produced in the Qing Dynasty flowed into the fire, the color change was natural, and it was not intended to be a certain color, it has been able to manually configure glaze, better control the fire, and basically master the law of kiln change. Famous varieties such as kangxilang kiln red, cowpea red and apple green.

Among the colorful glazes, kiln glazed porcelain is very unique and wonderful. In recent years, the price of kiln change glaze in the market also began to rise gradually. At present, the number of kiln change glaze porcelain with a transaction price of more than one million yuan has reached 12.

In 2004, in the special auction of "feihongge Tibetan porcelain" monochrome glaze launched by China Jiade, a lotus jar with glaze changed from Qianlong kiln of the Qing Dynasty won a price of 1.65 million yuan, which was the highest transaction price of the special auction. At the Sotheby's spring auction in Hong Kong in 2005, a 17.4cm High Qing Yongzheng kiln glaze pasted relief Dragon Statue was valued at HK $1.5 million to HK $2 million, with a transaction price of HK $2.584 million, which is the highest price among kiln glaze porcelain at present. At Christie's spring auction in Hong Kong in 2006, a three sacrificial bottle with glaze changed from Yongzheng kiln in the Qing Dynasty was sold at a high price of HK $2.248 million. Relevant experts believe that as monochrome glazed porcelain is gradually valued by collectors, kiln change glaze, a unique monochrome glazed porcelain, also has great collection and investment value.

The bowl has a stable and atmospheric shape, straight mouth and deep abdomen, smooth lines and neat finishing of the circle feet. The surface of the ware is coated with sky blue glaze, with thick and uniform glaze layer and bright color, just like the blue sky, elegant and pleasant, pleasing to the eye. The manifold patterns in the glaze are like flowing clouds, with infinite artistic conception. Jun kiln porcelain is famous for its bright and changeable glaze color and deep texture. It has always been cherished by collectors. Among its monochrome glaze products, sky blue is the most noble. This pair of large bowls are basically the same in shape, size and color, which is very rare in Jun kiln works.