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玉壶春瓶的造型是由唐代寺院里的净水瓶演变而来。基本形制为撇口、细颈、垂腹、圈足。它是一种以变化柔和的弧线为轮廓线的瓶类。其造型上的独特之处是:颈较细,颈部中央微微收束,颈部向下逐渐加宽过渡为杏圆状下垂腹,曲线变化圆缓;圈足相对较大,或内敛或外撇。这种瓶的造型定型于宋代,历经宋、元、明、清、民国直至现代,成为中国瓷器造型中的一种典型器物。
The shape of the jade pot spring vase evolved from the clean water bottle in the Tang Dynasty temples. The basic shape is skimming mouth, thin neck, hanging belly, circle foot. It is a kind of bottle with a soft curve as the contour line. Its unique shape is: the neck is thin, the neck is slightly tucked in the center, the neck is gradually widened downward into apricot round pendulous abdomen, the curve changes round and slow; The circle feet are relatively large, either inward or outward. The shape of the bottle was shaped in the Song Dynasty, through the Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing, the Republic of China until the modern times, becoming a typical ware in the shape of Chinese porcelain.
玉壶春瓶的造型定型于北宋时期,在当时是一种装酒的实用器具,后来逐渐演变为观赏性的陈设瓷,是中国瓷器造型中的一种典型器形。玉壶春瓶的基本造型是由左右两个对称的“S”形构成,线条优美柔和。元代玉壶春瓶承袭了宋代的形制,圈足外撇,体形瘦长。造型除圆形外,还有八方形。釉色、纹饰华丽丰富,已从宋代的实用酒器转变为陈设器。明代的玉壶春瓶和元代清秀瘦长的器形相比,器身有粗壮的趋势,圆腹渐趋丰硕,瓶颈加长,重心下移。早期洪武时期的玉壶春瓶,还具有元末明初瓷器厚重粗笨的风格,外廓曲线与下腹曲线的转折比较明显,有些憨笨的感觉,比不上元代玉壶春瓶造型的优美与舒朗。发展到明代中期以后,玉壶春瓶的造型趋于细腻圆润,优美流畅。明代的玉壶春瓶以青花品种最为常见。主题纹饰常常以云龙、梅、兰、花鸟、缠枝莲等为主要装饰图案。
The shape of jade pot spring bottle was shaped in the Northern Song Dynasty. It was a practical instrument for filling wine at that time, and then gradually evolved into ornamental display porcelain, which is a typical shape of Chinese porcelain. The basic shape of the jade pot is composed of two symmetrical "S" shapes, with graceful and soft lines. The Yuan Dynasty jade pot spring bottle inherited the shape of the Song Dynasty, the circle foot outside the body, slender. Modeling in addition to the circle, there are eight square. The glaze and decoration are gorgeous and rich. It has been transformed from a practical wine vessel in the Song Dynasty into a display vessel. Compared with the delicate and slender shape of the Yuan dynasty, the Ming Dynasty jade pot spring bottle has a trend of bulgy body, round belly is getting richer, the bottleneck is lengthening, and the center of gravity is moving down. Early Hongwu jade huchun bottles, but also with the late Yuan and early Ming porcelain thick thick style, the curve and the curve of the lower abdomen turning more obvious, some silly feeling, not the Yuan Dynasty jade huchun bottle modeling beautiful and comfortable. After the development of the mid Ming Dynasty, the shape of the jade pot tended to be delicate and smooth, beautiful and smooth. In Ming Dynasty, blue and white jade bottles were the most common. The main decorative patterns are often yunlong, plum, orchid, flowers and birds, lotus and so on.
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