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唐代开元通宝货币。钱币在唐代始有“通宝” ,开创了新纪元,在钱币发展史上占有重要地位。唐初沿 用隋五铢,轻小淆杂。唐高祖武德四年(公元621年),为整治混乱的币制,废隋钱,效仿西汉五铢的严格规范,开铸“开元通宝”,取代社会上遗存的五铢。最初的“开元通宝”由书法家欧阳询题写,形制仍沿用秦方孔圆钱,规定每十文重一两,每一文的重量称为一钱,而一千文则重六斤四两。
Tang kaiyuan TongBao currency. Coin has "TongBao" in tang dynasty, created a new era, occupies an important position in the history of COINS. Light and small family along with sui of weight, mix. Tang Gaozu wude four years (AD 621), for the realignment of chaotic monetary sui waste money, follow strict specification of weight of the western han dynasty, open cast "kaiyuan TongBao", instead of remaining on the society of weight. The original "kaiyuan TongBao" by calligrapher's running-penmanship melts former people inscribed, shape is still using Qin Fang hole circle money, rules every ten heavy one or two, the weight of every penny he called a money, while one thousand article four two weight 6 kg.
铜质开元通宝是比较常见的一类开元通宝,由于年代较远,出土钱币较多,故大多表面有锈,磨损严重。除铜质开元通宝外,唐朝也铸造过金、银质开元通宝。这两种贵重金属币仅限皇家赏赐,供显贵玩赏,并不投入流通,因此存世量极小,尤其是金开元,仿铜开元通宝铸造,并不作为流通货币使用,为宫廷赏赐钱,更弥足珍贵。开元通宝,在我国钱币史上具有划时代的地位。唐代以前的钱币,多以形制或重量为名称,如刀币、五铢钱等,而自开元钱后,改称“宝”、“通宝”、“元宝”等。
开元通宝是唐朝统治290年中的主要流通货币,而且影响了中国1000多年钱币的形制、钱文模式和十进位衡法。另外,日本、越南、朝鲜钱制也受到开元通宝的影响。
Kaiyuan TongBao copper is a common type of kaiyuan TongBao, because s far, unearthed COINS is more, so most of the surface have rust, wear and tear. In addition to the kaiyuan TongBao copper, the tang dynasty has forged a gold, silver kaiyuan TongBao. Both precious metal COINS only real reward, for dignitaries, a pet is not put in circulation, so only a tiny, especially Jin Kaiyuan, imitation bronze kaiyuan TongBao casting, not used as currency, as the court reward money, more precious. Kaiyuan TongBao in epoch-making status in the history of our money. More money, the tang dynasty before in shape or weight for name, such as knife-shaped coin, weight of money, and since kai yuan money, renamed the "treasure", "TongBao", "wing", etc.
Kaiyuan TongBao is the main currency in the tang dynasty rule in 290, and has affected the Chinese coin shape more than 1000 years, qian zhongshu and decimal scale method. In addition, Japan, Vietnam, north Korea money system is affected by the kaiyuan TongBao.
对于“开元通宝背上月”背面的月纹,收藏界有个比较流行的说法:这是唐朝某位娘娘的指甲印。如果这个说法属实,那么在铜钱上留下指甲印的是哪位娘娘呢?有的说法是文德皇后,有的说法是太穆皇后,有的说法是杨贵妃,总之,说法越来越离谱,使人无法相信。关于传说中各种各样的说法,其实也无可厚非,因为这都是在侧面地反映出有很多的藏家藏友在默默地关注着:月”币。
在唐代,这种青铜铸造的开元通宝广为流行,是当时主要的货币形态。除此之外,还有两种钱币也出现在唐代,那就是金质开元通宝和玉质开元通宝。这两种钱并不是流通货币,既然不是流通货币,为什么会出现呢?在唐代,有一种重要的习惯,那就是赏钱,当某一位大臣或者其他人员做出了重要贡献,又或者纪念重要的活动时,政府都会开铸少量的金质或者玉质的钱币,这些钱不参与到流通环节,而是被拥有者珍藏,因为这些钱都是皇家所赐,象征着身份和拥有的荣耀,他们往往会珍藏在家中,死后随着主人被埋入地下。在1997年甘肃还发现了几枚银质的开元通宝,存世更少甚为珍稀。
For the "kaiyuan TongBao back last month" lines on the back of the month, collectors have a saying: this is a tang dynasty empress nail printing. If this is true, then the nails in the copper seal who is this empress? Some is 33 queen, some is too jose queen, some is Yang, in a word, is more and more far, make the person can't believe it. About legends of various, actually also understandable, because these are in the side to reflect the many collectors Tibetan friend watching silently: "currency.
In the tang dynasty, the bronze casting kaiyuan TongBao popular, was the main form of currency. In addition, there are two COINS also appeared in the tang dynasty, that is the gold kaiyuan TongBao and the quality of the jade kaiyuan TongBao. Since this two kinds of money is not a currency, is not a currency, why? In the tang dynasty, there is an important habit, that is the gratuity, when a minister or other researchers made an important contribution, or the memory of the important activities, the government will open cast the coin of a small amount of gold or jade, the money is not involved in the circulation link, but by the owner, because the money is real, is a symbol of identity and with glory, they tend to collect at home, as the master being buried after his death. In 1997, gansu has found a few pieces of silver and kaiyuan TongBao, only less is rare.
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