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视角、视距和视阈

  我一米七七,我的眼睛在一米六几的高度,我站着、坐着的时候要看地面或椅子或石头或砖头或树桩或皮箱或墙头……的高度,还有躺着,趴着……我抬头低头,左顾右盼……这决定了我肉身的视角。
  我看远山,看明月,看美女,看花看草,全在我目力所及的远中近景之间。太远了看不见,太近了,是把玩,是端详,是亲密,贴脸上看不清,这是我可以支配的视距。
  视阈在我眼帘之间,必须靠近中心才好,而且总是把个完整的东西放在中间,不然就是在走神发呆。
  综合起来,在大多数时间,我以80到160厘米的高度,看几十厘米以外在我眼前一个完整的东西,我想别人也是这样。在生活中这个规律挺好,可以找到食物,可以看看读物,可以躲避障碍物,还可以在卿卿我我之间如入无物……可画都以这个规律去画,画面的构成就没有更多的变化可能了。
  还好,现在有镜头,它可以伸进血管,上到火星,荧光屏截裁出无数的画面。影像技术的不断发展,不但在解放人类视觉的局限,改变观看的习惯,还给想像插上了更宽大的翅膀。同一个场面千万个场景,从微观到宏观,这样无论从生理到心理,我们面对了一个更加广大的世界。画一张画又算得了什么呢?
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Perspective, Distance and Threshold
  I am 1.77 meters tall and my eyes are around the 1.6 meter mark.  The height when I sit or stand, look at the ground, chair, stone, brick, tree stump, luggage or wall?and when I am lying down or prone?whether I look up or down, left or right?these all define the perspective of my physical body.
  When I look at distant mountains, the shining moon, beautiful girls, paintings or scenery, these are all within a distance that I can see.  Too far away and it can's be seen, if it's too close such as when it is being played with or nestled against the cheeks it's hard to resolve as well.  This is the visual Distance that I can control.
  The visual Threshold exists within my eyes and must be kept close to the center.  The entire object must be placed in the center otherwise I'd be distracted or in a stupor.
  So overall, I spend most of time from a height between 80 ~ 160 centimeters looking at complete objects dozens of centimeters away.  I think other people do the same thing as well.  This kind of arrangement is quite nice as it's great for finding food, reading books, avoiding obstacles and blocking out the outside world when sharing an intimate moment.  When everything that can be painted is arranged this way, there are no other variations possible with a picture's composition.
  Fortunately they now have cameras that can go inside blood vessels or land on Mars, creating an endless array of images.  The continued development of imaging technologies not only liberate humans from visual limits and change their viewing habits, they also allow our imagination to soar higher on more powerful wings.  Every scene now has millions of viewpoints from the micro to the macro.  This means that biologically and mentally we are confronted with an even broader expanse of the world.  Compared to that, what is just one painting……

作者:闫博

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